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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">matatecs</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Математика и теоретические компьютерные науки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-3919</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26907/2949-3919.2024.1.3-15</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">matatecs-36</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Теорема Гильберта о нулях</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hilbert’s Nullstellensatz</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беккер</surname><given-names>Б. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bekker</surname><given-names>B. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Борис Меерович Беккер </p><p>Университетская набережная, д. 7–9, г. Санкт-Петербург, 199034 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Boris Meerovich Bekker </p><p>7–9 Universitetskaya Embankment, St. Petersburg 199034 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bekker.boris@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Востоков</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vostokov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Владимирович Востоков </p><p>Университетская набережная, д. 7–9, г. Санкт-Петербург, 199034 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergei Vladimirovich Vostokov </p><p>7–9 Universitetskaya Embankment, St. Petersburg 199034 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.vostokov@spbu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Востокова</surname><given-names>Р. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vostokova</surname><given-names>R. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Регина Петровна Востокова </p><p>Университетская набережная, д. 7–9, г. Санкт-Петербург, 199034 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Regina Petrovna Vostokova </p><p>7–9 Universitetskaya Embankment, St. Petersburg 199034 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rvostokova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St.Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>3</fpage><lpage>15</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Беккер Б.М., Востоков С.В., Востокова Р.П., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Беккер Б.М., Востоков С.В., Востокова Р.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bekker B.M., Vostokov S.V., Vostokova R.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://matatecs.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/36">https://matatecs.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/36</self-uri><abstract><p>Теорема о нулях, доказанная Гильбертом в 1890 году, является одним из основополагающих результатов современной алгебраической геометрии. В нашей работе мы приводим разнообразные формулировки и доказательства этой теоремы, каждая из которых используется в алгебраической геометрии. Все понятия и факты, выходящие за рамки стандартного курса алгебры, объясняются в статье.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Hilbert’s Nullstellensatz proved by him in 1890 is one of the basic results in modern algebraic geometry. We give various statements and proofs of this theorem all of which are used in algebraic geometry. All notions and facts outside the basic algebra course are explained in the paper.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>теорема о нулях</kwd><kwd>расширение поля</kwd><kwd>степень трансцендентности</kwd><kwd>результант</kwd><kwd>точка поля</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>theorem on zeros</kwd><kwd>field extension</kwd><kwd>transcendence degree</kwd><kwd>resultant</kwd><kwd>place of a field</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">И.Р.Шафаревич, Основы алгебраической геометрии, 3-е изд., МЦНМО, 2007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">I.R. Shafarevich, Basic Algebraic Geometry, 2 volumes, Springer-Verlag, Heidenberg, 2013.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">E. Arrondo, Another elementary proof of the Nullstellensatzz, Amer. Math. 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