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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">matatecs</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Математика и теоретические компьютерные науки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-3919</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26907/2949-3919.2025.2.4-18</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">matatecs-75</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Полуортогональные проекторы в унитальных C∗-алгебрах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Semi-orthogonal projections in unital C∗-algebras</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бикчентаев</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bikchentaev</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Научно-образовательный математический центр ПФО</p><p>ул. Кремлевская, д. 18, г. Казань, 42000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Airat Midkhatovich Bikchentaev</p><p>Volga Region Mathematical Center,</p><p>18 Kremlyovskaya str., Kazan 420008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Airat.Bikchentaev@kpfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>4</fpage><lpage>18</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бикчентаев А.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бикчентаев А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bikchentaev A.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://matatecs.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/75">https://matatecs.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/75</self-uri><abstract><p>Пусть Asem = {A ∈ A : Re A = A∗A} – множество всех полуортогональных проекторов унитальной C∗-алгебры A, I – единица A. Формула U = 2A − I (A ∈ Asem) задает биекцию между множеством Asem и множеством всех изометрий из A. Для любого натурального числа n ≥ 2 существует некоммутативный многочлен степени n, который выдает полуортогональный проектор при подстановке произвольного набора A1, . . . , An ∈ Asem. Каждый элемент A ∈ Asem гипонормален и лежит в единичном шаре C∗-алгебры A. Если A ∈ Asem, то A2 гипонормален. Если A, A2 ∈ Asem, то A является проектором. Если A ∈ Asem и A = An для некоторого n ∈ N, n ≥ 2, то A является  нормальным элементом, и A – проектор при n = 2.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Let Asem = {A ∈ A : Re A = A∗A} be the set of all semiorthogonal projections of the unital C∗-algebra A, I be the identity of A. The formula U = 2A − I (A ∈ Asem) defines a bijection between the set Asem and the set of all isometries from A. For any natural number n ≥ 2, there exists a non-commutative polynomial of degree n that yields a semi-orthogonal projection when substituted for an arbitrary set A1, . . . , An ∈ Asem. Each element A ∈ Asem is hyponormal and lies in the unit ball of the C∗-algebra A. If A ∈ Asem, then A2 is hyponormal. If A, A2 ∈ Asem, then A is a projection. If A ∈ Asem and A = An for some n ∈ N, n ≥ 2, then A is a normal element, and A is a projection for n = 2.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гильбертово пространство</kwd><kwd>линейный оператор</kwd><kwd>полуортогональный проектор</kwd><kwd>изометрия</kwd><kwd>C∗-алгебра.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Hilbert space</kwd><kwd>linear operator</kwd><kwd>semi-orthogonal projection</kwd><kwd>isometry</kwd><kwd>C∗-algebra</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках реализации программы развития Научнообразовательного математического центра Приволжского федерального округа (соглашение № 075-02-2025-1725/1).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work is performed under the development program of Volga Region Mathematical Center (agreement no. 075-02-2025-1725/1).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">J. 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