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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">matatecs</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Математика и теоретические компьютерные науки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-3919</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26907/2949-3919.2025.3.87-109</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">matatecs-88</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Классификация меняющих ориентацию периодических гомеоморфизмов двумерного тора</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Classification of orientation reversing periodic homeomorphisms of a two dimensional torus</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мартынов</surname><given-names>Т. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Martynov</surname><given-names>T. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тимур Денисович Мартыновул. Большая Печерская, д. 25/12, г. Нижний Новгород, 603155</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Timur Denisovich Martynov25/12 Bolshaya Pecherskaya str., Nizhny Novgorod, 603155</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mar.tim.denn@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Починка</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pochinka</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Витальевна Починкаул. Большая Печерская, д. 25/12, г. Нижний Новгород, 603155</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga Vitalyevna Pochinka</p><p>25/12 Bolshaya Pecherskaya str., Nizhny Novgorod, 603155</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olga-pochinka@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чилина</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chilina</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатерина Евгеньевна Чилинаул. Большая Печерская, д. 25/12, г. Нижний Новгород, 603155</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina Evgenevna Chilina</p><p>25/12 Bolshaya Pecherskaya str., Nizhny Novgorod, 603155</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">k.chilina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>HSE University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>87</fpage><lpage>109</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мартынов Т.Д., Починка О.В., Чилина Е.Е., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мартынов Т.Д., Починка О.В., Чилина Е.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Martynov T.D., Pochinka O.V., Chilina E.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://matatecs.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/88">https://matatecs.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/88</self-uri><abstract><p>Согласно Я. Нильсену и Х. Хангу, каждый класс топологической сопряженности периодических гомеоморфизмов ориентируемых компактных поверхностей полностью описывается конечным набором данных, называемых характеристикой. Для двумерной сферы исчерпывающие классификационные результаты с построением линейных представителей в каждом классе сопряженности получены Б. Керекьярто. Для двумерного тора подобные результаты получены при участии авторов настоящей статьи. В данной работе найдены все характеристики меняющих ориентацию периодических гомеоморфизмов двумерного тора. Для каждой из них построен гомеоморфизм, представляющий класс топологической сопряженности. Классификация периодических гомеоморфизмов, кроме самостоятельного интереса, играет ключевую роль в решении проблемы Палиса–Пью о построении устойчивых дуг в пространстве дискретных динамических систем, входящей в список 50 важнейших проблем динамических систем. Для всех классов градиентно-подобных диффеоморфизмов поверхностей, где эта проблема решена, использовалась именно идея тесной связи таких систем с периодическими преобразованиями. Таким образом, полученный результат позволит расширить класс систем, для которых проблема Палиса–Пью решена. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>According to J. Nielsen and H. Hang, each class of topological conjugacy of periodic homeomorphisms of orientable compact surfaces is completely described by a finite set of data called the characteristic. For a two-dimensional sphere, exhaustive classification results with the construction of linear representatives in each conjugacy class were obtained by B. Kerekyarto. For a two-dimensional torus, similar results were obtained with the participation of the authors of this article. Here we find all the characteristics of orientation-changing periodic homeomorphisms of a two-dimensional torus. A homeomorphism representing a class of topological conjugacy is constructed for each of them. The classification of periodic homeomorphisms, in addition to being of independent interest, plays a key role in solving the Palis–Pugh problem of constructing stable arcs in the space of discrete dynamical systems, which is included in the list of 50 most important problems of dynamical systems. For all classes of gradient-like diffeomorphisms of surfaces where this problem is solved, the idea of a close connection of such systems with periodic transformations was used. Thus, the obtained result will make it possible to expand the class of systems for which the Palis problem has been solved. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>периодические гомеоморфизмы</kwd><kwd>двумерный тор</kwd><kwd>топологическая классификация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>periodic homeomorphisms</kwd><kwd>two-dimensional torus</kwd><kwd>topological classification</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование осуществлено в рамках Программы фундаментальных исследований НИУ ВШЭ</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work is an output of a research project implemented as part of the Basic Research Program at the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE University).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">J. 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